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Propagation of electromagnetic waves in urban areas in the frequency
range above 300 MHz is influenced mainly by the buildings. Therefore a
detailed vector database of the buildings is required. For frequencies
below 300 MHz, the suburban propagation models can be used even in
urban environments.
Typically the multipath propagation is very important in urban
environments (see figure). Simple empirical propagation models are
therefore not sufficient.
The
urban propagation models can be used for cellular network planning as
well as for LOS analysis (microwave links). Antennas can be mounted
below the rooftop level or above (if they are mounted below this leads
to microcells).
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Typical
urban propagation scenario
(with
propagation paths).
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Phenomena like multi-path propagation, reflection, diffraction and
shadowing have a significant influence on the received power. So the
propagation models should consider these phenomena to obtain accurate
results.
WinProp offers a wide variety of propagation models for urban scenarios.
Empirical
Models:
Dominant Path Prediction Models:
Ray Optical Propagation Models:
More
information about each propagation model is available after clicking on
the corresponding links.
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Prediction in Manhattan
(New York, USA)
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